Which tool is the MOST accurate for determining relative elevations of points in the landscape?

The transit is the most accurate tool for determining relative elevations of points in the landscape because it is designed specifically for surveying and construction tasks. It allows the user to take precise angular measurements and can be used to establish straight lines and level elevations over long distances. The instrument consists of a telescope mounted on a vertical axis, which can be rotated both horizontally and vertically. This capability enables the surveyor to accurately measure angles relative to a horizontal line.

When setting up a transit correctly, it can measure differences in height between points with a high degree of accuracy, making it suitable for tasks where precision in elevation measurement is crucial. Its level vial helps ensure that the transit is perfectly horizontal during the measurement process, further contributing to its accuracy.

In contrast, levels and other simpler tools, like string lines or rulers, may suffice for less critical measurements but do not provide the same level of accuracy or capability for determining elevations, especially over significant distances or varied terrain. The transit's specific design and function make it the preferred tool among professionals for elevation determination.