What is the specification for the slope of wheelchair ramps according to building codes?

The specification for the slope of wheelchair ramps according to building codes is indeed 1:12. This ratio indicates that for every 12 units of horizontal distance, the ramp should rise no more than 1 unit vertically. This standard is established to ensure accessibility and safety for individuals using wheelchairs, allowing them to navigate the ramp without excessive effort.

A slope of 1:12 is considered the maximum allowable for accessibility ramps under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the California Building Code, as it balances the need for a gradual incline with the space constraints that builders often face. A steeper slope can make a ramp difficult or impossible for a wheelchair user to ascend or descend safely, thus the 1:12 guideline is critical in promoting universal design principles.

In practical application, the ratio is measured by comparing the rise to the run. For instance, if a ramp has a 1-foot vertical rise, it should extend 12 feet horizontally. This measurement ensures that ramps are not only compliant with regulations but also functional for their intended users.